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According to the filtration principle, air filters can be divided into filter type, centrifugal type, oil bath type and compound type. The air filters commonly used in engines mainly include inertial oil bath air filters, paper dry air filters, and polyurethane filter element air filters.

The inertial oil bath air filter has undergone three-stage filtration: inertial filtration, oil bath filtration, and filter filtration. The latter two types of air filters are mainly filtered through the filter element. The inertial oil bath air filter has the advantages of small air intake resistance, can adapt to dusty and sandy working environment, and has a long service life.

However, this kind of air filter has low filtration efficiency, heavy weight, high cost and inconvenient maintenance, and has been gradually eliminated in automobile engines.

The filter element of the paper dry air filter is made of resin-treated microporous filter paper. The filter paper is porous, loose, folded, has a certain mechanical strength and water resistance, and has the advantages of high filtration efficiency, simple structure, light weight and low cost. It has the advantages of low cost and convenient maintenance, and is the most widely used air filter for automobiles at present.

Polyurethane filter element The filter element of the air filter is made of soft, porous, sponge-like polyurethane with strong adsorption capacity. This air filter has the advantages of a paper dry air filter, but has low mechanical strength and is used in car engines. more widely used. The disadvantage of the latter two air filters is that they have a shorter lifespan and are not reliable in working under harsh environmental conditions.

All kinds of air filters have their own advantages and disadvantages, but there is inevitably a contradiction between the intake air volume and the filtering efficiency. With the in-depth research on air filters, the requirements for air filters are getting higher and higher. Some new types of air filters have appeared, such as fiber filter element air filters, double filter material air filters, muffler air filters, constant temperature air filters, etc., to meet the needs of engine work.